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Vietnamese Australians

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Vietnamese Australians
Người Úc gốc Việt
Total population
334,781 by ancestry (2021 census)[1]
(1.3% of the Australian population)[1]
268,170 born in Vietnam (2021 census)[2]
Regions with significant populations
Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, and other urban areas
Languages
Australian English, Vietnamese,Chinese language
Religion
Vietnamese folk religion, Mahayana Buddhism, Roman Catholic

Vietnamese Australians (Vietnamese: Người Úc gốc Việt) are Australians of Vietnamese descent. Vietnamese Australians are one of the largest groups within the global Vietnamese diaspora.

At the 2021 census, 334,781 people stated that they had Vietnamese ancestry (whether alone or in combination with another ancestry), representing 1.3% of the Australian population.[3] In 2021, the Australian Bureau of Statistics estimated that there were 268,170 Australian residents who were born in Vietnam.[4]

History

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See also: Boat People

Up until 1975 there were fewer than 2,000 Vietnam-born people in Australia.[5] Following the takeover of South Vietnam by the North Vietnamese communist government in April 1975, Australia, being a signatory to the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, agreed to resettle its share of Vietnam-born refugees under a refugee resettlement plan between 1975 and 1985. After the initial intake of refugees in the late 1970s, there was a second immigration peak in 1983–84, most likely a result of the 1982 agreement between the Australian and Vietnamese governments (the Orderly Departure Program) which allowed relatives of Vietnamese Australians to leave Vietnam and migrate to Australia. A third immigration peak in the late 1980s seems to have been mainly due to Australia's family reunion scheme.[6]

Demographics

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At the 2021 census, 334,781 people stated that they had Vietnamese ancestry (whether alone or in combination with another ancestry), representing 1.3% of the Australian population.[1] In 2021, the Australian Bureau of Statistics estimated that there were 268,170 Australian residents who were born in Vietnam.[2] In 2021, Vietnamese Australians were the fourth largest Asian Australian ancestry after Chinese Australians, Indian Australians and Filipino Australians.[7] In 2021, Vietnam was the sixth most common foreign country of birth.[2]

In the 2001 census, first generation Australians of Vietnamese ancestry outnumbered second generation Australians with Vietnamese ancestry (74% to 26%) Relatively few people of Vietnamese ancestry stated another ancestry (6%). Among the leading ancestries, the proportion of people who spoke a language other than English at home was highest for those of Vietnamese (96%).[8]

In Melbourne the suburbs of Richmond, Footscray, Springvale, Sunshine and St Albans have a significant proportion of Vietnamese Australians, while in Sydney they are concentrated in Cabramatta, Cabramatta West, Canley Vale, Canley Heights, Bankstown, St Johns Park and Fairfield. In Brisbane they are concentrated in Darra and Inala. There are also significant Vietnamese Australian communities in Adelaide, Canberra and Perth.

Socioeconomics

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Vietnamese Australians used to vary in income and social class levels. Australian born Vietnamese Australians are highly represented in Australian universities and many professions (particularly as information technology workers, optometrists, engineers, doctors and pharmacists), whilst in the past, some members in the community were subjected to poverty and crime.[9]

Religions

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According to the 2016 census, 40.46% of Vietnamese Australians are Buddhist, 28.77% are Christian, and 26.46% follow secular or no religious beliefs.[10]

As of the 2021 census, 44.7% of Vietnamese Australians are Buddhist, 29.2% are unaffiliated, 23.5% are Christian (with 19.8% Catholic), 0.7% are other religion and 2.5% are not stated.[11]

Language

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In the 2001 census, the Vietnamese language was spoken at home by 174,236 people in Australia, making it the sixth most widely spoken language after English, Italian, Greek, Cantonese, and Arabic.

According to the 2021 census, the Vietnamese language was spoken at home by 320,760 people in Australia, making it the fourth most widely spoken language after English, Mandarin and Arabic.[1]

Vietnamese-Australian to Vietnam relationship

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Media

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During October 2003, government owned SBS TV began airing a Vietnamese news program called Thoi Su ('News'). The stated purpose was to provide a news service to cater for Australia's Vietnamese population. This was received poorly by the significant portion of the older generations of the Vietnamese community had previously fled after the fall of South Vietnam and still harboured resentment to the ruling government and its institutions, including the state-controlled media, such as Thoi Su. The program was also claimed to lack reports that include political arrests or religious oppression in Vietnam. A large protest was convened outside SBS's offices.[12] SBS decided to drop Thoi Su (which was being provided at no cost to SBS through a satellite connection). SBS subsequently began broadcasting disclaimers before each foreign news program stating it does not endorse their contents.

Culture

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Besides local Vietnamese news from SBS Australia, variety shows such as Paris By Night, a mostly overseas Vietnamese production, has become well-renowned amongst Vietnamese-Australians and well as Vietnamese content from Vietnam. Figures from the show such as Nguyen Ngoc Ngan and Nguyen Cao Ky Duyen are beloved personalities by Vietnamese at large as well as many other figures such as the late Chi Tai and Hoai Linh.

Notable Australians of Vietnamese ancestry

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d "General Community Profile - Australian Bureau of Statistics".
  2. ^ a b c "Table 5.1 - Australian Bureau of Statistics".
  3. ^ "Australia's Population by Country of Birth, 2021 | Australian Bureau of Statistics". www.abs.gov.au. 26 April 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  4. ^ "Permanent migration from Vietnam". www.homeaffairs.gov.au. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  5. ^ Note however, that before 1976 Vietnam was not separately recorded as a country of birth for settlers so the Australian Bureau of Statistics is unable to provide an exact picture of settler intake prior to this time.
  6. ^ "4102.0 – Australian Social Trends, 1994 : Population Growth: Birthplaces of Australia's settlers". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 27 May 1994. Retrieved 14 March 2008.
  7. ^ "Australia's Population by Country of Birth, 2021 | Australian Bureau of Statistics". www.abs.gov.au. 26 April 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  8. ^ "4102.0 – Australian Social Trends, 2003 : Population characteristics: Ancestry of Australia's population". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 3 June 2003. Retrieved 14 March 2008. In the 2001 census, almost all people of Vietnamese ancestry were first or second generation Australians, consistent with the timing of Vietnamese immigration which essentially began in the mid-1970s and increased over the 1980s.
  9. ^ "Cracking the cultures of crime". 7 March 2011.
  10. ^ "Census TableBuilder  - Guest Users Log in". guest.censusdata.abs.gov.au.
  11. ^ "Vietnamese Culture - Population Statistics".
  12. ^ Gibbs, Stephen (2 December 2003). "Crunch time for SBS over Vietnamese news bulletin". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 14 March 2008. Thousands of members of Sydney's Vietnamese community will today protest against SBS's continued broadcast of a Hanoi news service that former refugees say contains offensive and distressing communist propaganda.
  13. ^ "Martin "The Situ-Asian" Nguyen". ONE Championship – The Home Of Martial Arts.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vietnamese diaspora in Australia.
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